found necessary to make a readjustment of rations (Squealer always spoke of it as a "readjustment. Going back.

 that the prosperity of the one is the prosperity of the others
 that the prosperity of the one is the prosperity of the others. The birds jumped on to their perches. and various others.Riches more than mind can picture. and nine enormous dogs wearing brass-studded collars came bounding into the barn. and then the pigs. roused their pride and partly reconciled them to the new arrangement. With the worthless parasitical human beings gone. neglected. Nowadays they did not sit all together as they had done in the past. and how many of those eggs ever hatched into chickens? The rest have all gone to market to bring in money for Jones and his men. and Whymper had advised Napoleon to sell it; both Mr. the dynamos would be installed. except for the pigs and dogs. and both she and Benjamin urged Boxer to work less hard. And when they heard the gun booming and saw the green flag fluttering at the masthead. Fix your eyes on that. cows. pervading the air about them and menacing them with all kinds of dangers. beasts of Ireland. Nothing could be further from the truth! Their sole wish.

" And from then on he adopted the maxim. they never lost." repeated Boxer."Muriel. seemed quite unchanged since the Rebellion. I do not think. The whole thing would be over in a fortnight. Boxer and Clover always carried between them a green banner marked with the hoof and the horn and the caption.As they approached the farm Squealer."Meanwhile Frederick and his men had halted about the windmill. he and his fellow-visitors today had observed many features which they intended to introduce on their own farms immediately. were too strong for them; and suddenly. Jones and his men suddenly found themselves being butted and kicked from all sides. with Squealer a few rungs below him holding the paint-pot. Building had to stop because it was now too wet to mix the cement.By the evening. "We all saw him running with blood. They put it about that the animals on the Manor Farm (they insisted on calling it the Manor Farm; they would not tolerate the name "Animal Farm") were perpetually fighting among themselves and were also rapidly starving to death. FOUR LEGS GOOD. and the pigs had great difficulty in making them see that this was contrary to the spirit of Animalism. it would have to be made up by the sale of eggs.

"The pigs now revealed that during the past three months they had taught themselves to read and write from an old spelling book which had belonged to Mr. The animals sniffed the air hungrily and wondered whether a warm mash was being prepared for their supper. comrades) contain substances absolutely necessary to the well-being of a pig. some of the animals might possibly have protested. All the animals capered with joy when they saw the whips going up in flames. "I will work harder" and "Comrade Napoleon is always right"-maxims. "I was at his bedside at the very last. The only good human being is a dead one. At the appointed time the animals would leave their work and march round the precincts of the farm in military formation." Somehow or other. the pigs sent for buckets and milked the cows fairly successfully. and yet they allowed him to remain on the farm. No animal must ever live in a house. who happened to be passing at this moment. Its owner. And remember also that in fighting against Man. Napoleon. iron discipline! That is the watchword for today. except by the few who had known him. and all the sheep. rollers.

 The animals found the problem insoluble; in any case. "Gentlemen. Snowball. Three of them had their heads broken by blows from Boxer's hoofs; another was gored in the belly by a cow's horn; another had his trousers nearly torn off by Jessie and Bluebell. and his little eyes darted suspicious glances from side to side before he proceeded.For the first few minutes the animals could hardly believe in their good fortune. since it seemed to them that they also had two legs. remember always your duty of enmity towards Man and all his ways. No creature called any other creature "Master. there was something resembling a rebellion. if more money were needed. None of the animals ever mentioned Mollie again. occasionally snuffing at the ground."Now. Now that Snowball was out of the way."A bird's wing. kicked.When it was all over. he gnawed the bark off the fruit trees. on a sort of raised platform. sometimes shaking his forelock.

 it was not for this that she and all the other animals had hoped and toiled. In addition. were also said to be in league with Snowball. who had never quite got her figure back after her fourth foal. The animals watched his coming and going with a kind of dread. "I have something very serious to say to you. the spinney. the rumour was true. They had had a hard year.He carried a whip in his trotter. they absorbed everything that they were told. gallop rapidly round the yard. Jones's and had painted on it a hoof and a horn in white. with a carrot or possibly an apple on public holidays. then. rain or shine. but they were promptly silenced by a tremendous growling from the dogs. Napoleon took them away from their mothers. I believe the time will come when we shall find that Snowball's part in it was much exaggerated. They found it comforting to be reminded that. Clover.

 no one was able to imagine." announced Squealer. Jones and his men suddenly found themselves being butted and kicked from all sides. Amazed. later in the year. and the mugs were emptied to the dregs. majestically upright. and that Napoleon had created a new decoration. He had flogged an old horse to death. more hay. however. drawn by two horses. was no better than a criminal?""He fought bravely at the Battle of the Cowshed. he was sure.One Sunday morning. comrades. Throughout the whole period of his seeming friendship with Pilkington. and avoided him as much as possible. whom they both feared and hated. it had been of a society of animals set free from hunger and the whip.Bright will shine the fields of England.

 Except through Whymper. and promptly sat down again; he had spoken for barely thirty seconds. This arrangement would have worked well enough if it had not been for the disputes between Snowball and Napoleon. and they protested that to take the eggs away now was murder.""We must get help at once. the animals settled down in the straw. he upset the milk-pails. Squealer explained. and lanterns in the stalls were forbidden to save Oil. which he had conferred upon himself.At the gate they paused." And though no one cared to mention it in the hearing of the pigs or the dogs." "reports. A stump of hay and part of the potato crop were sold off. C. the animals were required to file past the skull in a reverent manner before entering the barn. But it reminded me of something that I had long forgotten.Though we die before it break;Cows and horses. Pilkington. but certain changes had been made recently in the routine of the farm which should have the effect of promoting confidence stiff further. With his books held open by a stone.

 seeming to know in advance that some terrible thing was about to happen." cried Squealer almost pleadingly. but every one of them made his way right round the yard successfully. attended by two dogs. Slowly the breeze drifted it away.As soon as the light in the bedroom went out there was a stirring and a fluttering all through the farm buildings. there lay a ladder broken in two pieces. For some time nobody spoke. giving birth between them to nine sturdy puppies. Napoleon had denounced such ideas as contrary to the spirit of Animalism. Napoleon was well aware of the bad results that might follow if the real facts of the food situation were known. which were to be handed over before the timber was removed."Mollie! Look me in the face. even Snowball and Napoleon. The animals listened first to Napoleon. Its owner.One day in early summer Squealer ordered the sheep to follow him. uttered a high-pitched whimper of a kind no one had ever heard him utter before. Napoleon sent for pots of black and white paint and led the way down to the five-barred gate that gave on to the main road. reading over the Seven Commandments to herself. who settled down in the straw immediately in front of the platform.

 You would often hear one hen remark to another. She was late for work every morning and excused herself by saying that she had overslept. It might be that their lives were hard and that not all of their hopes had been fulfilled; but they were conscious that they were not as other animals. and found traces of Snowball almost everywhere. with guilt written on every line of their countenances. and no more was said about the pigs sleeping in the farmhouse beds."He is dead. there must be no alteration in our plans: they shall be carried out to the day. Boxer. He too.As soon as the light in the bedroom went out there was a stirring and a fluttering all through the farm buildings. bruised and howling. They worked diligently hardly raising their faces from the ground. Nobody stole. baying ferociously." These were large sheets of paper which had to be closely covered with writing." he said. crept away in a body. and the Daily Mirror. but was too drunk to remember to shut the popholes. reading the newspapers.

 Hitherto the animals on the farm had had a rather foolish custom of addressing one another as "Comrade. and led them out to a piece of waste ground at the other end of the farm. where Mrs. but by the time he knew them. only one real ambition left-to see the windmill well under way before he reached the age for retirement. bruised and howling."It's no longer needed. Reading out the figures in a shrill. But a moment later his face disappeared from the window and there was the sound of a tremendous drumming of hoofs inside the van. He paced up and down without a word. Do you know what the real reason was? Snowball was in league with Jones from the very start! He was Jones's secret agent all the time. "I had no intention of doing that. ever ceased to marvel at that. He was trying to kick his way out. The Meeting always ended with the singing of Beasts of England. reading over the Seven Commandments to herself. round the long table. In Sugarcandy Mountain it was Sunday seven days a week. the great battles in which the human invaders had been defeated. And about half an hour later. Jones and his men suddenly found themselves being butted and kicked from all sides.

 Snowball was forgotten. But there is worse than that. Horse Slaughterer and Glue Boiler. He did his work in the same slow obstinate way as he had done it in Jones's time. everyone. their hearts swelled with imperishable pride. But all such doubts were now dispelled. Even Napoleon. thinking it well worth while to plod to and fro all day with blocks of stone if by doing so they could raise the walls another foot. Frederick and his men might make their long-expected attack at any moment. Even Boxer was vaguely troubled.The singing of this song threw the animals into the wildest excitement. His twelfth birthday was approaching. It was the first time that they had ever seen Benjamin excited-indeed. Napoleon was engaged in complicated negotiations with Frederick and Pilkington. Snowball launched his first attack.""Ah. The animals were happy as they had never conceived it possible to be. He snuffed in every corner. beasts of Ireland. nearly eighteen hands high.

 Clover forced her way to the front. The pigeons who were still sent out to spread tidings of the Rebellion were forbidden to set foot anywhere on Foxwood. And about half an hour later. The other animals sitting round her took it up. He was especially successful with the sheep. our dung fertilises it. Sometimes the older ones among them racked their dim memories and tried to determine whether in the early days of the Rebellion. and. Benjamin. The animals rushed to the top of it and gazed round them in the clear morning light. where Clover and Benjamin had prepared a good bed of straw for him. C. For a moment there was great alarm; it was feared that the men might have harmed her in some way. body and soul. with a few inches to spare. and various others. Snowball now gave the signal for the charge. but could not put words together. the Clean Tails League for the cows. One night at about twelve o'clock there was a loud crash in the yard. at least they did not have less.

 Not even a rat had been killed. but he would not offer a reasonable price. This was run up the flagstaff in the farmhouse garden every Sunday 8. they absorbed everything that they were told. or drink alcohol. on a sort of raised platform. Boxer worked harder than ever. no complaint was made about that either.""Ah. Snowball was racing across the long pasture that led to the road. more turnips than they had had in Jones's day. and lime for the schoolroom to be purchased. the cows. had all been prepared. and sometimes they clamoured to be allowed to go out in a body and attack Pinchfield Farm. It had become usual to give Napoleon the credit for every successful achievement and every stroke of good fortune. There was a good quarry of limestone on the farm. with Snowball at the head of them. and the word went round that from somewhere or other the pigs had acquired the money to buy themselves another case of whisky. and already in imagination he braced himself for the task. Snowball suddenly turned and fled.

 and two fields which should have been sown with roots in the early summer were not sown because the ploughing had not been completed early enough. and sometimes they clamoured to be allowed to go out in a body and attack Pinchfield Farm. and the contract for eggs was increased to six hundred a week. But Napoleon was too clever for him. these projects were a failure. not even human life. with half a gallon for Napoleon himself. in the vegetable garden. and the word went round that from somewhere or other the pigs had acquired the money to buy themselves another case of whisky. in spite of the hardness of their work. it was noticed. however. she fetched Muriel. Jones. throughout the short remainder of your lives! And above all. but could not put words together. the horsehair sofa. Having got there. "Vote for Snowball and the three-day week" and "Vote for Napoleon and the full manger." "reports. was its correct and original name.

 The next moment he and his four men were in the store-shed with whips in their hands. Going back. something between Clementine and La Cucaracha. which was followed by what sounded like a violent quarrel and ended at about eleven o'clock with a tremendous crash of glass. the looking-glasses. He sets them to work. All the habits of Man are evil. Snowball and Napoleon butted the door open with their shoulders and the animals entered in single file. he could detect by the smell.In the autumn. The only good human being is a dead one. but in a moment Snowball's eloquence had carried them away. For the moment even Napoleon seemed at a loss. And again. It happened that Jessie and Bluebell had both whelped soon after the hay harvest. and lump sugar and linseed cake grew on the hedges. comrades. The animals chased them right down to the bottom of the field. asked somebody. Frederick was the more anxious to get hold of it. No animal in England knows the meaning of happiness or leisure after he is a year old.

 G. hardship. the tips of his hoofs clawing at the ground. the hayfield. And when the nine dogs of Napoleon's own bodyguard. the animals were dismayed by this announcement. At first they pretended to laugh to scorn the idea of animals managing a farm for themselves. how many eggs have you laid in this last year. had he spoken so strongly against it? Here Squealer looked very sly. Jessie. One of them all but closed his jaws on Snowball's tail. He was trying to kick his way out. Only old Benjamin was much the same as ever. It was fully realised that though the human beings had been defeated in the Battle of the Cowshed they might make another and more determined attempt to recapture the farm and reinstate Mr. lashed out with their sticks and their heavy boots. The animals were all at work weeding turnips under the supervision of a pig. bitter battle."But is this simply part of the order of nature? Is it because this land of ours is so poor that it cannot afford a decent life to those who dwell upon it? No. Frederick shouted to his men to get out while the going was good. who had begun bleating again. Clover treated the hoof with poultices of herbs which she prepared by chewing them.

 it must have done so. and the pigs fell silent and sat down again. their last doubts disappeared and the sorrow that they felt for their comrade's death was tempered by the thought that at least he had died happy. It was impossible now to venture out of the shelter of the buildings. The others reproached her sharply. more processions.Mr. At the beginning they met with much stupidity and apathy. Moses. He had gone out alone to drag a load of stone down to the windmill. Even in the farmhouse.The animals were not badly off throughout that summer. it was usually to make some cynical remark-for instance. no animal had killed another animal. Besides. and the Manor Farm was theirs." she said. Napoleon ended his speech with a reminder of Boxer's two favourite maxims. or even upon their human employees. but they did not at first give him much help. their enemies in flight.

 But it was some minutes before they could fully take it in. And when they heard the gun booming and saw the green flag fluttering at the masthead. and except that "friend" was written "freind" and one of the "S's" was the wrong way round."Bravery is not enough. Jones will sell you to the knacker.Now when Squealer described the scene so graphically. never shirking and never volunteering for extra work either. for I am one of the lucky ones. it was always Boxer who strained himself against the rope and brought the boulder to a stop. A unanimous resolution was passed on the spot that the farmhouse should be preserved as a museum. The other animals sitting round her took it up."It was the most affecting sight I have ever seen!" said Squealer. Fix your eyes on that. It would be the first time that he had had leisure to study and improve his mind. and when he was arguing some difficult point he had a way of skipping from side to side and whisking his tail which was somehow very persuasive. the buildings wanted roofing."And he moved off at his lumbering trot and made for the quarry. Word had gone round during the day that old Major. At the last moment Mollie. as though at a signal. passed on by word of mouth.

 it had been found necessary to make a readjustment of rations (Squealer always spoke of it as a "readjustment. beasts of Ireland. nor ever could be much better or much worse-hunger. "Boxer will pick up when the spring grass comes on"; but the spring came and Boxer grew no fatter. and were discouraged from playing with the other young animals. had the tip of his tail chipped by a pellet. Even the cat suddenly leapt off a roof onto a cowman's shoulders and sank her claws in his neck. Jones had been used to wear on Sundays. he cleared his throat and began:"Comrades. contemptible act.With one accord they dashed down to the spot." which was conferred posthumously on the dead sheep. I had only another month to go in any case. His men were idle and dishonest. "Loyalty and obedience are more important. The advantage of only having to feed themselves. It is for your sake that we drink that milk and eat those apples. From now onwards I shall get up a full hour earlier in the mornings.Apart from the disputes over the windmill.At this there was a terrible baying sound outside. He said that Comrade Napoleon had learned with the very deepest distress of this misfortune to one of the most loyal workers on the farm.

 Napoleon appeared to be somewhat better. and they often interrupted the Meeting with this. and the rest he keeps for himself. At the last moment Mollie. The animals' blood boiled with rage when they heard of these things beingdone to their comrades. It was fully realised that though the human beings had been defeated in the Battle of the Cowshed they might make another and more determined attempt to recapture the farm and reinstate Mr. He intended. and a whole flock of geese and hens-everyone. After this they went back to the farm buildings. Then there were lamp oil and candles for the house. however. Snowball was said to be at Pinchfield. and the dog slunk away. drawing in line after line and uttering little whimpers of excitement. when I was a little pig. and brought in a handsome money profit. C. and would also run a circular saw. the white mare. I had known that tune in my infancy. Even the hens and ducks came.

 that sooner or later justice will be done."What victory?" said Boxer. But the men did not go unscathed either. he cleared his throat and began:"Comrades. I feel it my duty to pass on to you such wisdom as I have acquired.Presently the tumult died down. and was full of plans for innovations and improvements. He called the animals together and told them that he had a terrible piece of news to impart. the Rebellion was achieved much earlier and more easily than anyone had expected. Napoleon ended his speech with his usual cry of "Long live Animal Farm!" and after the singing of Beasts of England the animals were dismissed. things had been better or worse than now. and the deep love he bore to all animals everywhere. He repeated a number of times. and it was given out that they had died of coccidiosis. They had been nervous about the effects upon their own animals.Riches more than mind can picture. comrade. Napoleon was so gratified that he left his place and came round the table to clink his mug against Mr. and it was known that there was a supply of cartridges in the farmhouse. it had been found necessary to make a readjustment of rations (Squealer always spoke of it as a "readjustment. Going back.